PILING WORKS
CAISSON PILE
Caisson piling involves the manual labour excavation of soil and rock until a pre-determined depth. As the manual excavation takes place, the walls of the excavated shaft are supported by casting a concrete lining.
Caisson piles can be used for most soil types, except on limestone-based foundations. Typically, caisson piling method is used in areas where large piling machinery cannot be used such as hillslopes, and are commonly required for construction of bridges and hill slope development.
BORED PILE
Bore piling is performed by drilling soil and rock to form a hole or shaft at a pre-determined depth.
The soil excavation is undertaken using a bore piling machine. Once the drilling process has completed, soil particles or unwanted debris are removed using an air lifting method. When the shaft is cleaned, a steel reinforcement cage is inserted into the shaft, subsequently, concrete is tremie poured into the shaft and left to cure. In order to stabilise bored piles in less cohesive grounds, different drilling fluid such as polymer and bentonite is used throughout the entire process.
MICRO PILE
Micropiling is performed using the same excavation process as bored piles, however, micropiles are smaller in size, with a diameter of less than 300 milimetres to cater for lighter design loads. This piling method is frequently used at sites with limited accessibility, as micropiling machinery are smaller in size as compared to bore piling machinery.